This report summarizes information from the three executive branch agencies that provide substance abuse treatment services: The Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services (DBHDS), the Department of Juvenile Justice (DJJ), and the Department of Corrections (DOC). These agencies share the common goals of increasing abstinence from alcohol and other drug use and reducing criminal behavior. All of the agencies included in this report are invested in providing evidenced-based treatment to their populations within the specific constraints each has on its ability to provide effective treatment services. In this report, the following information is detailed concerning each of these three agencies’ substance abuse treatment programs:

1. Amount of funding spent for the program in FY 2019;
2. Unduplicated number of individuals who received services in FY 2019;
3. Extent to which program objectives have been accomplished as reflected by an evaluation of outcome measures;
4. Identifying the most effective substance abuse treatment;
5. How effectiveness could be improved;
6. An estimate of the cost effectiveness of these programs; and
7. Funding recommendations based on these analyses.

As used in this document, treatment means those services directed toward individuals with identified substance abuse or dependence disorders and does not include prevention services. This report provides information for Fiscal Year 2019, which covers the period from July 1, 2018 through June 30, 2019.

Treatment Programs for FY2019

This report provides focused data on specific outcomes. Every opioid overdose death represents many affected individuals (see Figure 1), and every individual who commits a crime associated with substance misuse represents many others who are also involved. Many of these individuals are struggling with functional impairment and this is reflected in decreased workforce participation,(*1) negative impact on the economy,(*2) the potential for explosive dissemination of blood borne diseases,(*3) and recidivism.
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(*1) Over the last 15 years, LFP fell more in counties where more opioids were prescribed." Alan B. Krueger; BPEA Article; Brookings Institute; Thursday, September 7, 2017; “Where have all the workers gone? An inquiry into the decline of the U.S. labor force participation rate";  https://www.brookings.edu/bpea-articles/where-have-all-the-workers-gone-an-inquiry-into-the-decline-of-the-u-s-labor-force-participation-rate/
(*2) Midgette, Gregory, Steven Davenport, Jonathan P. Caulkins, and Beau Kilmer, What America's Users Spend on Illegal Drugs, 2006–2016. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2019. https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR3140.html. Also available in print form.
(*3) County-Level Vulnerability Assessment for Rapid Dissemination of HIV or HCV Infections Among Persons Who Inject Drugs, United States; Buchanan et. al. MJAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes: November 1, 2016 - Volume 73 - Issue 3 - p 323–331 doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000001098 Epidemiology and Prevention