This report evaluates the activities of Virginia’s Jail Mental Health Pilot Program (JMHPP) during Calendar Year (CY)2022 (January 1, 2022, through December 31, 2022). It is the seventh in a series of annual evaluation reports produced by the Virginia Department of Criminal Justice Services (DCJS) since the pilot program began in January 2017. Past reports have reported data by fiscal year, with the exception of recidivism data, which has been reported by calendar year. This report will provide information based on calendar year for ease of comparison to previous years and to make the data reporting consistent throughout the report.

The pilot program was established by the 2016 Appropriations Act (2016 Virginia Acts of Assembly, Chapter 780, Item 398 J.1-6). The Act directed DCJS to establish pilot programs to provide services to mentally ill jail inmates and evaluate the pilot programs’ implementation and effectiveness.

In 2016, DCJS awarded grants to six jails to develop and implement pilot programs to provide services to mentally ill inmates, or to provide pre-incarceration crisis intervention services to prevent mentally ill offenders from entering jails. The grants required the participating programs to propose actions to address the following minimum conditions and criteria:

1. Use of mental health screening and assessment instruments designated by the Virginia Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services;

2. Provision of services to all mentally ill inmates in the designated pilot program, whether state or local responsible;

3. Use of a collaborative partnership among local agencies and officials, including community services boards, local community corrections and pre-trial services agencies, local law-enforcement agencies, attorneys for the Commonwealth, public defenders, courts, non-profit organizations, and other stakeholders;

4. Establishment of a crisis intervention team or plans to establish such a team;

5. Training for jail staff in dealing with mentally ill inmates;

6. Provision of a continuum of services;

7. Use of evidence-based programs and services;

8. Funding necessary to provide services including (but not limited to): mental health treatment services, behavioral health services, case managers to provide discharge planning for individuals, re-entry services, and transportation services; and

9. Use of grant funding to supplement, not supplant, existing local spending on these services.

The 2022 Appropriations Act (Item 408 J.1–3) further continued the JMHPP by appropriating $2,500,000 the first year and $2,500,000 for the second year. The 2022 Appropriations Act included reporting requirements on program activities as follows:

3. The Department shall collect on a quarterly basis qualitative and quantitative data of pilot site performance, to include: (i) mental health screenings and assessments provided to inmates, (ii) mental health treatment plans and services provided to inmates, (iii) jail safety incidents involving inmates and jail staff, (iv) the provision of appropriate services after release, (v) the number of inmates re-arrested or re-incarcerated within 90 days after release following a positive identification for mental health disorders in jail or the receipt of mental health treatment within the facility. The Department shall provide a report on its findings to the Chairmen of the House Appropriations and Senate Finance Committees no later than October 15th each year.

This report on the Jail Mental Health Pilot Project, dated October 15, 2023, is submitted by DCJS in response to the above 2022 Appropriations Act language.